Yes, open, open wide the doors to Christ – and you will find true life. The letter provides long-requested guidance to Chinese bishops on how to respond to illicitly ordained bishops, as well as how to strengthen ties with the Patriotic Association and the Communist government. In the so necessary dialogue between secularists and Catholics, we Christians must be very careful to remain faithful to this fundamental line: to live a faith that comes from the Logos, from creative reason, and that, because of this, is also open to all that is truly rational. Catholic Online, Interview With Vatican Aide on Jewish-Catholic Relations Introducción al Cristianismo. (RNS) — I first met Joseph Ratzinger in June 1994 when he was the cardinal prefect of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith. He himself had almost completed a first draft of an encyclical on faith. [265], In November 2017, images emerged on the Facebook page of the Bishop of Passau, Stefan Oster, of Benedict with a black eye; the bishop and author Peter Seewald visited the former pope on 26 October since the pair were presenting Benedict with the new book Benedict XVI – The German Pope which the Passau diocese created. He stayed there until refurbishment was completed on his retirement home, the Mater Ecclesiae Monastery in the Vatican Gardens near St Peter's, former home of twelve nuns, where he moved on 2 May 2013. [223], Following his election in April 2005 there were several rumors about the Pope's health, but none of them were confirmed. Benedict was talking to the new Japanese ambassador to the Vatican. Created and proclaimed Cardinal by Paul VI in the consistory of 27 June 1977, of the Titles of the Suburbicarian Church of Velletri-Segni (5 April 1993) and Suburbicarian Church of Ostia (30 November 2002). Joseph Ratzinger (= Benedikt XVI. On 25 November 1981 he was nominated by John Paul II Prefect of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith; President of the Biblical Commission and of the Pontifical International Theological Commission. Benedict's successor, Francis, completed and published Lumen Fidei in June 2013, four months after Benedict's retirement and Francis's succession. Joseph Ratzinger was named by Pope John Paul II on 25 November 1981 as prefect of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, formerly known as the Holy Office and, especially … Benedict was suceeded by Cardinal Jorge Mario Bergoglio, who took the papal name of Francis on 13 March 2013. President of the Commission for the Preparation of the Catechism of the Catholic Church, and after 6 years of work (1986-92) he presented the New Catechism to the Holy Father. In his last public appearance, from the central loggia of the Apostolic Palace of Castel Gandolfo, he said: “I am a simple pilgrim who is beginning the last stage of his pilgrimage on this earth”. The document angered many Protestant churches by claiming that they are not churches, but "ecclesial communities". [46], In 1966, Ratzinger was appointed to a chair in dogmatic theology at the University of Tübingen, where he was a colleague of Hans Küng. It was made available in various languages on 13 March 2007 in Rome. Your Catholic Voice Foundation has been granted a recognition of tax exemption under Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code. The decision was controversial and widely criticized by conservative Catholics and Traditionalist Catholics as lacking in charity and an attack on those attached to the liturgical patrimony of the church. Joseph Cardinal Ratzinger. Turkish prime mimister Recep Tayyip Erdoğan said that the Pope told him in their meeting that while the Vatican seeks to stay out of politics, it desires Turkey's membership in the EU. The Joseph Ratzinger I knew for 35 years — first as prefect of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, later as Pope Benedict XVI and then Pope Emeritus … [109] He took up this theme in his first encyclical Deus caritas est. Mary Regina Morrell, World Food Program Director on Lent Dna. He also knew Portuguese, Latin, Biblical Hebrew, and Biblical Greek. He took as his episcopal motto Cooperatores veritatis (Latin for 'cooperators of the truth'),[58] from the Third Epistle of John,[59] a choice on which he commented in his autobiographical work Milestones. In 1953 he earned a doctorate in Theology; the title of his thesis was “The People and the House of God in St Augustine’s Doctrine of the Church”. "There isn't the slightest doubt about the validity of my resignation from the Petrine ministry," he wrote in a letter to the newspaper. Additionally, I recall Saint Benedict of Nursia, co-patron of Europe, whose life evokes the Christian roots of Europe. On 30 November 2002, the Holy Father approved the election, by the order of cardinal bishops, as Dean of the College of Cardinals. The young Joseph was witness to the Nazis beating up a parish priest before mass. He said "something like a human ecology" was needed, and added: "Rain forests deserve indeed to be protected, but no less so does man." [263], In June 2017, Benedict received newly created cardinals in his chapel and spoke with each of them in their native language. Fr. Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger, Prefect of Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith , President of the Pontifical Biblical Commission and International Theological Commission, Dean of the College of Cardinals, was born on 16 April 1927 in Marktl am Inn, Germany. Cheryl Dickow, George Bush Speaks on Papal Visit In their Common Declaration, they highlighted the previous 40 years of dialogue between Catholics and Anglicans while also acknowledging "serious obstacles to our ecumenical progress". No! In his explanation and summary of the encyclical, he stated: "If friendship with God becomes for us something ever more important and decisive, then we will begin to love those whom God loves and who are in need of us. [28], At the age of five, Ratzinger was in a group of children who welcomed the visiting Cardinal Archbishop of Munich, Michael von Faulhaber, with flowers. Catholic Online, Cardinal Zen's Meditations for Via Crucis [30] This period lasted until the seminary was closed for military use in 1942, and the students were all sent home. ", "Pope Benedict XVI Leaves a Spotty Legacy With Sexual Abuse Scandal", "Former Pope Benedict XVI dies in Vatican monastery aged 95", "Death of Pope Emeritus Benedict: his official biography", Spiritual Testament of Pope Emeritus Benedict XVI, 31.12.2022, From the Baptism in the Jordan to the Transfiguration, His Holiness: The Secret Papers of Benedict XVI, International Alliance of Catholic Knights, Dechristianization of France during the French Revolution, Dogma of the Immaculate Conception of the Virgin Mary, Prayer of Consecration to the Sacred Heart, Persecutions of the Catholic Church and Pius XII, Pope Pius XII 1942 consecration to the Immaculate Heart of Mary, Dogma of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary, Historical-critical exegesis of the Bible, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pope_Benedict_XVI&oldid=1132760800, German prisoners of war in World War II held by the United States, Grand Crosses 1st class of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich alumni, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich faculty, Members of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, Members of the European Academy of Sciences and Arts, Participants in the Second Vatican Council, Recipients of the Grand Decoration with Sash for Services to the Republic of Austria, Roman Catholic archbishops of Munich and Freising, Pages with login required references or sources, Articles incorporating a citation from the 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia with Wikisource reference, Articles with dead external links from July 2019, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages, Wikipedia indefinitely semi-protected biographies of living people, Pages using infobox philosopher with embed equal yes, Pages using ordination template and denomination parameter, Articles containing Italian-language text, Pages using sidebar with the child parameter, Articles to be expanded from January 2023, Articles with Italian-language sources (it), Pages using S-rel template with ca parameter, Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, 1999 Bailiff Grand Cross of Honour and Devotion of the. The son of a rural policeman, Joseph Alois Ratzinger was born on April 16, 1927, in Marktl am Inn, a small settlement in the southern German state of Bavaria. In particular, Dominus Iesus, published by the congregation in the jubilee year 2000, reaffirmed many recently "unpopular" ideas, including the Catholic Church's position that "salvation is found in no one else, for there is no other name under heaven given to men by which we must be saved." He was baptised the same day. In the Good Friday service, the Tridentine Mass rubrics include a prayer that asks God to lift the veil so they [Jews] may be delivered from their darkness. He also visited Poland and Spain, where he was enthusiastically received. [147] However, his election received a more reserved response from the United Kingdom's Chief Rabbi Jonathan Sacks, who hoped that Benedict would "continue along the path of Pope John XXIII and Pope John Paul II in working to enhance relations with the Jewish people and the State of Israel. Fr. Catholic Online, Franchising to Evangelize During his time at Tübingen University, Ratzinger published articles in the reformist theological journal Concilium, though he increasingly chose less reformist themes than other contributors to the magazine such as Küng and Schillebeeckx. The volume “At the school of the Truth” was published for his 70th birthday, in which different authors present different aspects of his personality and his works. [162] Benedict apologised for any offence he had caused and made a point of visiting Turkey, a predominantly Muslim country, and praying in its Blue Mosque. [131], The Pope considered that allowing the Tridentine Mass to those who request it was a means to prevent or heal schism, stating that, on occasions in history, "not enough was done by the Church's leaders to maintain or regain reconciliation and unity" and that this "imposes an obligation on us today: to make every effort to enable for all those who truly desire unity to remain in that unity or to attain it anew. Four years later, under the direction of the famous professor of fundamental theology Gottlieb Söhngen he obtained a university teaching qualification with a dissertation on “The Theology of History in St. Bonaventure”. [245] In the monastery, the pope emeritus did not live a cloistered life, but studied and wrote. [312] Aurelio Mancuso, head of Arcigay, said "A divine programme for men and women is out of line with nature, where the roles are not so clear. [130], In July 2021, Pope Francis issued the apostolic letter titled Traditionis custodes, which substantially reversed the decision of his immediate predecessor, Benedict XVI, in Summorum Pontificum and imposed new and broad restrictions on the use of the Traditional Latin Mass. ", "Address of his Holiness Benedict XVI on the occasion of Christmas greetings", "Pope denounces gay marriage as 'people manipulating their God-given gender to suit sexual choices', "Pope makes new anti-gay marriage stance", "Pope: Straight marriage must be 'defended from misrepresentation', "Pope Benedict XVI message for 93rd World Day of Migrants and Refugees", "Pope offers prayers to refugees for United Nations' World Refugee Day", "The Pope Emeritus is praying for migrants and refugees", "Letter of Pope Benedict XVI to Chinese Catholics, 27 May 2007", "Pope urges talks to make Korean Peninsula nuclear free", "Pope Benedict Backs Turkey's European Union Bid", "Pope did not change stance on Turkey and EU", "David D'Or and Dudu Fisher Sing for the Pope", "Relations progress as Vietnamese president meets with Pope", "Pope Benedict XVI calls for new economic system based on love in G8 message", "Pope calls for disarmament, backs nuke energy". No, I was not being interrogated by the Grand Inquisitor. [301], In 2005, the Pope listed several ways to combat the spread of HIV, including chastity, fidelity in marriage, and anti-poverty efforts; he also rejected the use of condoms. While at Castel Gandolfo, Benedict participated in two public events. to the Chilean bishops (13 July 1988) N RECENT MONTHS, we have put a lot of work into the case of Lefebvre with the sincere intention of creating for his movement a space within the Church that would be sufficient for it to live. Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger speaks at St. Peter’s Lutheran Church on Jan. 27, 1988, in New York. [78] On 7 May, he took possession of his cathedral church, the Archbasilica of St. John Lateran.[79]. [182] He arrived in Washington, DC where he was formally received at the White House and met privately with US President George W. Bush. März 1939, "New Pope Defied Nazis As Teen During WWII", "Chronology of the Life of Pope Benedict XVI", "Biographical notes of His Holiness Pope Benedict XVI | BENEDICT XVI", "The Lord by Roman Guardini, 1996, reprint of 1954 first English translation", "Between Context and Christology: The Role of History in the Reconstruction of Christological Images", "Retrieving Rahner for Orthodox Catholicism", "Turbulence on Campus in 60's Hardened Views of Future Pope", "Hesburgh sought Ratzinger for spot on ND faculty", "Cardinal Schönborn Explains What Ratzinger Students Will Discuss | ZENIT – The World Seen From Rome", "Ecumenism is of 'primary importance' to the Pope, says Cardinal Schönborn", "Pope Benedict One of Most Respected Theologians", "Biography of His Holiness, Pope Benedict XVI", "Cardinal Ratzinger, guardian of church doctrine, elected 265th pope", Biography of Joseph Cardinal Ratzinger / Pope Benedict XVI, Quotation from an October 2006 BBC documentary, "UK Bishops Angered by BBC Attack on Pope", "Pope seeks immunity in Texas abuse case", "Cardinal Ratzinger asked to resign in 1997, become Vatican librarian | News Headlines", "Before Smoke Rises at Vatican, It's Romans vs. the Reformers", "Does cardinal confusion spell a long conclave? "[343] On 28 February 2013, the day he retired, the tweets were archived, and @Pontifex read "Sede Vacante". [185] Also while in New York, the Pope celebrated Mass at St. Patrick's Cathedral, met with disabled children and their families, and attended an event for Catholic youth, where he addressed some 25,000 young people in attendance. During a time of great change, Joseph Ratzinger entered the world. [321], On 13 November 2006, Benedict said that the dispute over the North Korea nuclear weapons program should be resolved through negotiations, in his first public comment on the security issue, a news report said. If you are one of our rare donors, you have our gratitude and we warmly thank you. Hugh McNichol, Proclaim the mysteries of the Resurrection! If Catholic Online has given you $5.00 worth of knowledge this year, take a minute to donate. On 19 September 2010, during his visit to the United Kingdom, Benedict personally proclaimed the beatification of John Henry Newman. On 12 September 2006 he delivered a lecture which touched on Islam at the University of Regensburg in Germany. [116] Benedict traced the failed revolutions and violent ideologies of the 20th century to a conversion of partial points of view into absolute guides. He attended the elementary school in Aschau am Inn, which was renamed in his honor in 2009. [77], On 24 April, Benedict celebrated the Papal Inauguration Mass in St. Peter's Square, during which he was invested with the Pallium and the Ring of the Fisherman. Let us pray so that the primacy of Peter, entrusted to poor human beings, may always be exercised in this original sense desired by the Lord, so that it will be increasingly recognised in its true meaning by brothers who are still not in communion with us. Vatican officials called the meeting "a significant stage in the progress of bilateral relations with Vietnam."[330]. It has always defined men, all men without distinction, as creatures and images of God, proclaiming for them ... the same dignity. [197] On 1 May 2010, the Vatican issued a statement denouncing "the most serious and objectively immoral behavior of Father Maciel, confirmed by incontrovertible witnesses, which amount to true crimes and show a life deprived of scruples and authentic religious feeling. [31], Ratzinger's family, especially his father, bitterly resented the Nazis, and his father's opposition to Nazism resulted in demotions and harassment of the family. A Royal Betrayal: Catholic Monaco Liberalizes Abortion Among his numerous publications, a particular post belongs to the 'Introduction to Christianity', a collection of university lessons on the profession of apostolic faith, published in 1968; Dogma and revelation, an anthology of essays, sermons and reflections dedicated to the pastoral ministry, published in 1973. [222] This was never officially made public—the official news was that he had fallen and struck his head against a radiator—but was an open secret known to the conclave that elected him pope. "[131] The letter also decried "deformations of the liturgy ... because in many places celebrations were not faithful to the prescriptions of the new Missal" as the Second Vatican Council was wrongly seen "as authorising or even requiring creativity", mentioning his own experience. Hi readers, it seems you use Catholic Online a lot; that's great! This apostolic exhortation "seeks to take up the richness and variety of the reflections and proposals which emerged from the Ordinary General Assembly of the Synod of Bishops" which was held in 2006. As pope, one of Benedict's main roles was to teach about the Catholic faith and the solutions to the problems of discerning and living the faith,[105] a role that he could play well as a former head of the church's Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith. From 1969, he was a professor of dogmatic theology and of the history of dogma at the University of Regensburg and Vice President of the same university. Roger Etchegaray, the vice-dean of the College of Cardinals, fell also and suffered a hip fracture. "Much is already being done for the integration of the families of immigrants, although much still remains to be done. [130] While Summorum Pontificum directs that pastors should provide the Tridentine Mass upon the requests of the faithful, it also allows for any qualified priest to offer private celebrations of the Tridentine Mass, to which the faithful may be admitted if they wish. Ratzinger returned to Traunstein. Benedict XVI chose his papal name, which comes from the Latin word meaning "the blessed", in honour of both Benedict XV and Benedict of Nursia. [193], Between 17 and 18 April, Benedict made an Apostolic Journey to the Republic of Malta. He said that the church viewed the distinction as central to human nature, and "asks that this order of creation be respected". The guidelines asserted that "Civil law concerning reporting of crimes ... should always be followed. In addition to his travels within Italy, he made two visits to his homeland, Germany, one for World Youth Day and another to visit the towns of his childhood. He had served there as a professor of theology before becoming Pope, and his lecture was entitled "Faith, Reason and the University—Memories and Reflections". Jerom Paul. In October he participated in the Conclave that elected Pope John Paul II. [175] His visit to Turkey, an overwhelmingly Muslim nation, was initially overshadowed by the controversy about a lecture he had given at Regensburg. [317], In a message released 14 November 2006, during a Vatican press conference for the 2007 annual observance of World Day for Migrants and Refugees, the Pope urged the ratification of international conventions and policies that defend all migrants, including refugees, exiles, evacuees and internally displaced persons. Maria St. Catherine Sharpe, t.o.s.m., T.O.SS.T. "[138] In June 2009, he blamed outsourcing for the greater availability of consumer goods which lead to the downsizing of social security systems. Catholic Online, Papal Address at the End of the Way of the Cross "[199], Cardinal Vincent Nichols wrote that in his role as head of the CDF "[Ratzinger] led important changes made in church law: the inclusion in canon law of internet offences against children, the extension of child abuse offences to include the sexual abuse of all under 18, the case by case waiving of the statute of limitation and the establishment of a fast-track dismissal from the clerical state for offenders. Each man's fundamental question is: How will this be realized— becoming man? Joseph Ratzinger "Cardinal Ratzinger (Pope Benedict XVI) rarely writes on any churchly matter that does not manifest its implications for man and culture, and vice versa. "[168] Later, the Pope, speaking Italian, said at a weekly audience that it was "not possible to forget the suffering and the injustices inflicted by colonizers against the indigenous population, whose fundamental human rights were often trampled" but made no apology. a lecture which touched on Islam at the University of Regensburg, Islamic politicians and religious leaders, International Society for Krishna Consciousness, List of pastoral visits of Pope Benedict XVI, controversy about a lecture he had given at Regensburg, Congregation of the Doctrine of the Faith, On the Pastoral Care of Homosexual Persons, secular by virtue of its state constitution, Patriarch Bartholomew I of Constantinople, "Udienza Generale del 18 aprile 2007: Clemente Alessandrino | Benedetto XVI", "General Audience of 14 May 2008: Pseudo-Dionysius, the Areopagite | BENEDICT XVI", "General Audience, 23 August 2006: John, "the Seer of Patmos" | BENEDICT XVI", "General Audience of 4 May 2011: Man in Prayer (1) | BENEDICT XVI", "Vladimir Soloviev, the Mystic Admired by Popes", "Benedict's New Name: Pope Emeritus, His Holiness Benedict XVI, Roman Pontiff Emeritus", "Vatican to publish entire work by bestselling author Pope Benedict XVI", "Disillusioned German Catholics: From Liberal to Conservative", "Benedict's encyclical offers hope for world", "Pope set to bring back Latin Mass that divided the Church", "Pope Benedict to open new Latin academy in the Vatican", "Pope Benedict XVI, the pontiff of aesthetics", "Men in White: Pope to meet Benedict XVI", "In 6 Languages, Benedict XVI Gets Comfortable With His Audience", "The significant — and controversial — statements that shaped Pope Benedict XVI's legacy", "Benedict XVI, pope who resigned to spend final years in quiet, dies at 95", "Vatican Radio – Pope Benedict: proud to be part of Tyrol a "land made by Angels", "Benedict XVI's last remaining sibling, Georg Ratzinger, has died", "A Future Pope Is Recalled: A Lover of Cats and Mozart, Dazzled by Church as a Boy", Zweite Durchführungsverordnung zum Gesetz über die Hitler-Jugend (Jugenddienstverordnung) vom 25. Dna. Catholic Online is a Project of Your Catholic Voice Foundation, a Not-for-Profit Corporation. Benedict XVI followed this precedent when he waived the five-year rule for John Paul II. The battery in the pacemaker had been replaced three months earlier, a routine procedure, but that did not influence his decision. Theodore Hesburgh to join the theology faculty at the University of Notre Dame, but declined on grounds that his English was not good enough. "[117], In an address to a conference of the Diocese of Rome held at the basilica of St. John Lateran 6 June 2005, Benedict remarked on the issues of same sex marriage and abortion:[118]. Resentment was growing toward minorities and other countries seen as complicit in Germany’s hardship. The document has been seen as restating "key sections of a 2000 text the pope wrote when he was prefect of the congregation, Dominus Iesus. [91] Preca is the first Maltese saint since the country's conversion to Christianity in A.D. 60 when St. Paul converted the inhabitants. From 2002 until he was elected pope, he was also Dean of the College of Cardinals. In 2013 it was reported that Benedict had multiple health problems including high blood pressure and fallen out of bed more than once, but the Holy See denied any specific illnesses. [106], "Friendship with Jesus Christ" was a frequent theme of Benedict's preaching. On 15th February 1982 he renounced to the pastoral governance of the Archdiocese of Munich and Freising. By the time of the 2005 conclave, he was one of only fourteen remaining cardinals appointed by Paul VI, and one of only three of those under the age of 80. The solution must have two elements: firstly, bringing out the human dimension of sexuality, that is to say a spiritual and human renewal that would bring with it a new way of behaving towards others, and secondly, true friendship offered above all to those who are suffering, a willingness to make sacrifices and to practise self-denial, to be alongside the suffering. Mary Regina Morrell, Action Changes Things: Teaching our Kids about Community Service [247] The former pope made his first public appearance after his resignation at St. Peter's Basilica on 22 February 2014 to attend the first papal consistory of his successor Francis. His mother's fa… God wants us to be friends of His friends and we can be so, if we are interiorly close to them. Benedict stated: "I have had great responsibilities in the Catholic Church. [255] The library section dedicated to his life and thought is being catalogued. [289] The tomb was opened to the public on 8 January 2023.[290]. Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger demonstrated faithfulness, said Pope Paul VI in his address during the consistory of June 27, 1977, in which Ratzinger, then archbishop metropolitan of Munich and Freising, was created a cardinal of the Holy Roman Church. He was the President of the Preparatory Commission for the Catechism of the Catholic Church, which presented the new Catechism to the Pope after six years of work (1986-1992). In 1980, he was named by Pope John Paul Il to chair the special Synod on the Laity. As Pope, Benedict's rarely-used full title was: His Holiness Benedict XVI, Bishop of Rome, Vicar of Jesus Christ, Successor of the Prince of the Apostles, Supreme Pontiff of the Universal Church, Primate of Italy, Archbishop and Metropolitan of the Roman Province, Sovereign of the Vatican City State, Servant of the servants of God. [227], On 11 February 2013, the Vatican confirmed that Benedict would resign the papacy on 28 February 2013, as a result of his advanced age,[228] becoming the first pope to resign since Gregory XII in 1415. I. Iglesia santa. [66], While bishops hold the secrecy pertained only internally, and did not preclude investigation by civil law enforcement, the letter was often seen as promoting a coverup. [287] This was the first time since 1802 that a pope had attended a funeral for his predecessor. Thank you. "[119], Benedict wrote three encyclicals: Deus caritas est (Latin for "God is Love"), Spe Salvi ("Saved by Hope"), and Caritas in veritate ("Love in Truth"). He was viewed during the time of the council as a reformer, cooperating with theologians like Hans Küng[44] and Edward Schillebeeckx. Joseph Ratzinger, the future Pope Benedict XVI, talks with Cardinal Franz Konig of Vienna during the Second Vatican Council at the Vatican in 1962. From 1946 to 1951, the year in which he was ordained a priest and began to teach, he studied philosophy and theology at the University of Munich and at the higher school in Freising. Shortly after that, the Pope asked him to head the Congregation for Catholic Education. [233] In a statement, he cited his deteriorating strength and the physical and mental demands of the papacy;[234] addressing his cardinals in Latin, he gave a brief statement announcing his resignation. Only in this friendship do we experience beauty and liberation. Ratzinger came increasingly to see these and associated developments (such as decreasing respect for authority among his students) as connected to a departure from traditional Catholic teachings. In the discussion with secularism and rationalism, one of Benedict's basic ideas can be found in his address on the "Crisis of Culture" in the West, a day before Pope John Paul II died, when he referred to Christianity as the "religion of the Logos" (the Greek for "word", "reason", "meaning", or "intelligence"). "[217], In November 2020, the Vatican published a report blaming Popes John Paul II and Benedict XVI for allowing defrocked former cardinal Theodore McCarrick to rise in power despite the fact that they both knew of sex abuse allegations against him. He received two honorary doctorates given to him by Kraków's cardinal Stanislaw Dziwisz, John Paul II's longtime aide, from the Pontifical University of John Paul II and the Kraków Academy of Music. The various forms of the dissolution of matrimony today, like free unions, trial marriages and going up to pseudo-matrimonies by people of the same sex, are rather expressions of an anarchic freedom that wrongly passes for true freedom of man...from here it becomes all the more clear how contrary it is to human love, to the profound vocation of man and woman, to systematically close their union to the gift of life, and even worse to suppress or tamper with the life that is born. [124][125] His third encyclical titled Caritas in veritate ("Love in Truth" or "Charity in Truth"), was signed on 29 June 2009 (the Feast of Sts. Benedict planned on 5 March 2008, to meet with Muslim scholars and religious leaders autumn 2008 at a Catholic-Muslim seminar in Rome. Catholic Online, Cardinal Warns Against Anti-Catholic Education "[109] He also said: "We are all called to open ourselves to this friendship with God ... speaking to Him as to a friend, the only One who can make the world both good and happy ... That is all we have to do is put ourselves at His disposal ... is an extremely important message. [288] The funeral was attended by an estimated 50,000 people. The Pope also met with the Maltese youth at the Valletta Waterfront, where an estimated 10,000 young people turned up to greet him. [261], The pope emeritus was honoured by the Roman Curia and Francis in 2016 at a special audience, honouring the 65th anniversary of his ordination to the priesthood. https://www.catholic.org [223] A few days later an unconfirmed rumor emerged that Benedict had undergone an operation in preparation for an eventual bypass operation, but this rumor was only published by a small left-wing Italian newspaper and was never confirmed by any Vatican insider. [144][145][146], When Benedict ascended to the papacy, his election was welcomed by the Anti-Defamation League who noted "his great sensitivity to Jewish history and the Holocaust". According to the German text, the Pope's original comment was that the emperor "addresses his interlocutor in an astoundingly harsh—to us surprisingly harsh—way" (wendet er sich in erstaunlich schroffer, uns überraschend schroffer Form). [163] That meeting, the "First Meeting of the Catholic-Muslim Forum," was held from 4–6 November 2008. [327][328] This was the third Papal visit to the Holy Land, the previous ones being made by Paul VI in 1964 and John Paul II in 2000. His publications increased in the following years and they became a point of reference for those interested in entering deeper into the study of theology. Sally Connolly, A Catholic Woman Returns to the Church Pope Benedict XVI (Latin: Benedictus XVI; Italian: Benedetto XVI; German: Benedikt XVI; born Joseph Aloisius Ratzinger; 16 April 1927 – 31 December 2022) was the head of the Catholic Church and sovereign of the Vatican City State from 19 April 2005 until his resignation on 28 February 2013. Thank you for your generous response. "[168] The then-president of Venezuela, Hugo Chávez, demanded an apology, and an indigenous organisation in Ecuador issued a response which stated that "representatives of the Catholic Church of those times, with honourable exceptions, were accomplices, deceivers and beneficiaries of one of the most horrific genocides of all humanity. [313], Vatican spokesman Federico Lombardi claimed the Pope had not wished specifically to attack people with homosexual inclinations, and had not mentioned gays or lesbians in his text. [254], The Joseph Ratzinger–Benedict XVI Roman Library at the Pontifical Teutonic College was announced in April 2015 and was scheduled to open to scholars in November 2015. [73] Cardinal Cormac Murphy-O'Connor described the final vote, "It's very solemn when you go up one by one to put your vote in the urn and you're looking up at the Last Judgement of Michelangelo. Laurea honoris causa in jurisprudence from the Libera Universitŕ Maria Santissima Assunta, 10 November 1999. Early in his pontificate Benedict predicted a short reign, which led to concerns about his health. [92] In October 2008, the following canonizations took place: Alphonsa of the Immaculate Conception of India,[93] Gaetano Errico, Narcisa de Jesus Martillo Moran, and Maria Bernarda Bütler. In his 1968 book Introduction to Christianity, he wrote that the pope has a duty to hear differing voices within the church before making a decision, and he downplayed the centrality of the papacy. Tyler Arnold Vatican January 7, 2023. Amazon.com: Joseph Cardinal Ratzinger: Books 1-16 of 123 results RESULTS Introduction to Christianity (Communio Books) Part of: Communio Book (12 books) | by Cardinal Joseph … Joseph spent his infancy and adolescence in Traunstein, a little village near the Austrian border, 30 km from Salzburg. In his words, the Church must "protect man from self-destruction." [16] He strengthened the relationship between the Catholic Church and art, promoted the use of Latin,[17] and reintroduced traditional papal vestments, for which reason he was called "the pope of aesthetics". And under the semblance of freedom it becomes a prison for each one, for it separates people from one another, locking each person into his or her own ego. Maria St. Catherine Sharpe, Keeping a Lid on Permissiveness French cardinal Philippe Barbarin said that since the first stroke Ratzinger had been suffering from an age-related heart condition, for which he was on medication. [181], In April 2008, Benedict made his first visit to the United States since becoming pope. Catholic Online, State Aid for Catholic Schools: Help or Hindrance? He ceased wearing red papal shoes. If you have already donated, we sincerely thank you. Stable groups who previously had to petition their bishop to have a Tridentine Mass may now merely request permission from their local priest. ", Benedict said: Are we not perhaps all afraid in some way? "[213][214], In February 2022, Benedict admitted that errors were made in the treating of sexual abuse cases when he was Archbishop of Munich. [237][238][239], On the morning of 28 February 2013, Benedict met with the full College of Cardinals and in the early afternoon flew by helicopter to the papal summer residence of Castel Gandolfo. [102] In June 2010, Benedict created the Pontifical Council for the Promotion of the New Evangelisation, appointing Archbishop Rino Fisichella its first president. In 1963, he moved to the University of Münster. [286] His funeral took place on 5 January 2023 in St. Peter's Square at 9:30 am, presided over by Pope Francis and celebrated by Cardinal Giovanni Battista Re. The veteran German journalist Peter Seewald first met Joseph Ratzinger nearly thirty years ago. [266], In late 2019, Benedict collaborated on a book expressing that the Catholic Church must maintain its discipline of clerical celibacy, in light of ongoing debate on the issue, though later requested his name to be removed from the book as co-author. Thomas Reese. [14] During his papacy, Benedict XVI advocated a return to fundamental Christian values to counter the increased secularisation of many Western countries. Driven by that encounter with what he would later refer to as 'filth' in the Church, Ratzinger seems to have undergone something of a 'conversion experience' throughout 2003–04. On the eve of the first anniversary of Benedict's resignation he wrote to La Stampa to deny speculation he had been forced to step down. [250] Weeks before this, he joined Francis in Saint Peter's Square for an audience with grandparents to honor their importance in society. State Aid for Catholic Schools: Help or Hindrance? Normally, five years must pass after a person's death before the beatification process can begin. [61], On 25 November 1981, Pope John Paul II, upon the retirement of Franjo Šeper, named Ratzinger as the Prefect of the Sacred Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, formerly known as the "Sacred Congregation of the Holy Office", the historical Roman Inquisition. "[168] The Pope continued, stating that "the proclamation of Jesus and of his Gospel did not at any point involve an alienation of the pre-Columbus cultures, nor was it the imposition of a foreign culture. [64], Ratzinger's 2001 letter De delictis gravioribus clarified the confidentiality of internal church investigations, as defined in the 1962 document Crimen Sollicitationis, into accusations made against priests of certain crimes, including sexual abuse. Since then he has published two best-selling book length interviews with Cardinal Ratzinger — Salt of the Earth: An Exclusive Interview on the State of the Church at the End of the Millennium and God and the World: Believing and Living in Our Time — as well as 2010's Light of the World: … [353][354][286], Both Archbishop of Canterbury Justin Welby and Patriarch Kirill of Moscow expressed their condolences at Benedict's death. Good Friday Sermon of Father Cantalamessa, Papal Address at the End of the Way of the Cross, Cardinal Zen's Meditations for Via Crucis, Interview With Vatican Aide on Jewish-Catholic Relations. [280] The same day, Matteo Bruni, the director of the Holy See Press Office, stated that "in the last few hours there has been an aggravation of [Benedict's] health due to advancing age" and that he was under medical care. If you donate just $5.00, the price of your coffee, Catholic Online School could keep thriving. "[148] The Foreign Minister of Israel also offered more tentative praise, though the Minister believed that "this Pope, considering his historical experience, will be especially committed to an uncompromising fight against anti-Semitism. Shortly after that, the Pope … In this connection, the Enlightenment is of Christian origin and it is no accident that it was born precisely and exclusively in the realm of the Christian faith. He was ordained a priest on 29 June 1951. [80] Benedict XV was pope during the First World War, during which time he passionately pursued peace between the warring nations. [218][219][220], Benedict re-introduced several papal garments which had fallen into disuse. [260] Also that month, a Vatican spokesman stated that Benedict was "slowly, serenely fading" in his physical health, although his mental capacity remained "perfectly lucid". [262] Following the death of Cardinal Paulo Evaristo Arns in December 2016, Benedict became the last living person appointed cardinal by Pope Paul VI.

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